Primary Crusher — The first crusher in a crushing system into which material is fed. Succeeding crushers in the system are referred to as secondary or tertiary crushers. Product — Output from the crusher. Reduction Ratio — The ratio of the top size of input material to the top size of crusher discharge.
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In any crushing operation, the raw material flow rate and the reduction ratio (ratio of feed size to product size) have obvious influences on the wear of crushing equipment. However, the hardness and fracture toughness of the rocks being crushed are unavoidable parameters in allowing for the wear of crushing plant.
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4. Maximum nominal size of aggregate In general, larger the maximum size of aggregate, smaller is the cement requirement for a particular water-cement ratio, because the workability of concrete increases with increase in maximum size of the aggregate. However, the compressive strength tends to increase with the decrease in size of aggregate.
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Gear Ratio • You can think of gear ratio as a multiplier on speedand a divider on torque. • You can calculate the gear ratio by using the number of teeth of the “driving gear" (a.k.a. the inputgear) divided by the number of teeth of the “driven gear” (a.k.a. the outputgear).
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High reduction ratios of between 20:1 and 40:1 can be achieved with hammer type impact crushers. Only low reduction ratios of about 2:1 can be achieved with kinetic energy type impact crushers. 5.1.3 Crushing mechanisms and product size distributions. The crushing action of a crushing machine is described most usefully through the classification -
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Crushers : Smooth Roll Crushers The maximum size of the product is 2d. These operates most effectively when set to give a reduction ratio of 3 or 4 or 1. That is the max diameter of the particle is 1/3rd or 1/4th of that feed. The forces exerted by these rolls are very great from 8700 – 70000 N/cm.
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Grinding and cutting reduce the size of solid materials by mechanical action, dividing them into smaller particles. Perhaps the most extensive application of grinding in the food industry is in the milling of grains to make flour, but it is used in many other processes, such as in the grinding of corn for manufacture of corn starch, the grinding of sugar and the milling of dried foods, such as
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ROLL CRUSHER Roll crushers are used for producing additional reductions in the sizes of stone after the output of a quarry has been subjected to one or more stages of prior crushing. Roll crushers have a theoretical MAXIMUM reduction ratio of 4:1. If a 2 inch particle is fed to the roll crusher the absolute smallest size one could expect from
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In a size reduction crushing operation, feed size is 100 to 300 mm. while the product size is 10 to 50 mm. This is a case of the _____ crushing. /> A).
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Procedure of Aggregate Crushing Value. Take a sample of aggregates by sieving through 12.5mm and retained on 10mm. The aggregate shall be tested in dry surface conditions. If dried by heating, the period of drying shall not exceed 4 hours and temp shall be 100-110 deg C.
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Class size reduction, in and of itself, is not the answer to all the problems in education. In order for a classroom to be effective, it must have a qualified teacher and adequate facilities. When weighing the advantages of class size reduction, schools, districts, and states must consider these questions:
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2) medium gravel- 8 to 16 mm. 3) coarse gravel -16 to 64 mm. 4) pebbles -4 to 64 mm. 5) cobbles -64 to 256 mm. 6) boulder – more than 256 mm. Size of aggregate used in construction. Size of aggregate used in construction:- it all depend on structure, whether it is plain cement concrete or reinforced cement concrete.
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Explosive efficiency is the ratio of the amount of energy released to the calculated thermochemical energy. Emulsions are highly efficient explosives, due primarily to their microscopic particle size. In contrast, explosives with varying particle size, such as ANFO or water gels, will not have a uniform burning rate, and therefore, will
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All crushers have a limited reduction ratio meaning that size reduction will take place in stages. 3.2 Operation stages: The operating stages in minerals processing have remained the same for several years. In this, the hard, abrasive and inhomogeneous mineral crystals are o be treated in special ways in order to extract
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All crushers have a limited reduction ratio m eaning that size reduction will take place in stages. This kind of impact stone crusher is a kind of hig h-efficient strong coarse and mid crushing .
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Classification of crushers • it is not generally economical to effect a large reduction ratio in a single machine. • The equipment used is usually divided into classes as given below, according to the size of the feed and the product. • A greater size reduction ratio can be obtained in fine crushers than in coarse crushers 13.
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Classification of crushers • it is not generally economical to effect a large reduction ratio in a single machine. • The equipment used is usually divided into classes as given below, according to the size of the feed and the product. • A greater size reduction ratio can be obtained in fine crushers than in coarse crushers 13.
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Size reduction Size reduction is a process of reducing large solid unit masses
Gear “reduction” specifically refers to the speed of the rotary machine; the rotational speed of the rotary machine is “reduced” by dividing it by a gear ratio greater than 1:1. A gear ratio greater than 1:1 is achieved when a smaller gear (reduced size) with fewer number of teeth meshes and drives a larger gear with greater number of teeth.
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R: Size reduction ratio The ratio of the gape width to the near side jaw opening. This ratio may vary from 1/3 to 1/9, but is generally 1/3 for primary crushers and 1/4 for secondary crushers.
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SIZE REDUCTION 2. require a small power input per unit of product 1. have a large capacity • An ideal crusher would: 3. yield a product of the single size distribution desired • cost of power is a major expense in size reduction equipment, so the factors that control this cost are important
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D/d Ratio and the Effect on Sling Capacity. The D/d Ratio is the ratio of the diameter around which the sling is bent, divided by the body diameter of the sling. Example: A 1/2" diameter wire rope is bent around a 10" diameter pipe; the D/d Ratio is 10" divided by 1/2" = D/d Ratio of 20:1. This ratio has an effect on the rated capacity of slings.
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Double-roll crushers offer up to a 3:1 reduction ratio in some applications, depending on the characteristics of the material. Triple-roll crushers offer up to a 6:1 reduction. As a compressive crusher, the roll crusher is well suited to extremely hard and abrasive materials.
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where x f /x p is the size reduction ratio and C K is called Kick’s constant which unit of J/kg . Kick’s law has been found to hold more accurately for coarser crushing, where most of the energy is used in causing fracture along existing cracks. In Kick’s law the energy input is proportional to the size reduction ratio.
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Size of stone aggregate If the ratio of diameter of core to maximum size of stone aggregate is less than 3, a reduction in strength is reported. For concrete with 20mm size aggregate, 50mm dia core has been tested to give 10% lower results than with 10mm dia cores. Presence of transverse reinforcement steel
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All crushers have a limited reduction ratio m eaning that size reduction will take place in stages. This kind of impact stone crusher is a kind of hig h-efficient strong coarse and mid crushing .
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the opening size of the wirecloth. Steeper slopes have lower factors since the rock has a tendency to bounce off the end before being sorted. The rounder the rock, and the greater the ratio of rock size to opening, the faster the rock moves from the feed end of the screen to the discharge end. The faster the rock is moving the less likely it is to
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Setting jaw crushers. Ideally, the reduction ratio of a jaw crusher should be 6-to-1. There are different ways to calculate reduction ratio, but the best way is something called the P80 factor. The reduction ratio is then calculated by comparing the input feed size passing 80 percent versus the discharge size that passes 80 percent.
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crushing. These factors include (1) stone type, (2) feed size and distribution, (3) moisture content, (4) throughput rate, (5) crusher type, (6) size reduction ratio, and (7) fines content. Insufficient data are available to present a matrix of rock crushing emission factors detailing the above classifications and variables.
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For primary crushing with a reduction ratio of 6 to 1. When a relatively coarse product is desired, top size usually larger than 38 mm (1 1/2") Closed Circuit Crushing System To control top size from a single crusher operating in an open circuit, material must remain in the crushing chamber until the material is reduced to top size.
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Gyratory crushers are the most efficient primary crushers for dealing with blasted hard rock in ore and natural stone mining. Due to different crushing chamber designs these machines can either prepare materials for downstream processing with a high crushing ratio, or reduce overburden to a size suitable for belt conveying with a low crushing
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